In construction practice, masonry mortar and plastering mortar are often regarded as interchangeable materials. They look similar, are both cement-based, and are sometimes used interchangeably on site to save time or cost. However, this misunderstanding is one of the most common reasons behind insufficient wall strength, surface cracking, hollowing, and plaster detachment. The real difference between these two mortars does not lie in minor formulation details, but in the fundamentally different roles they are designed to perform. Masonry mortar is a structural material. Its primary function is to bond bricks or blocks into a stable wall system and to transfer loads from the upper structure. As part of the load-bearing system, its design priority is compressive strength, bonding strength, and long-term durability. To achieve these properties, masonry mortar typically contains a higher proportion of sand with a relatively coarse particle size, giving it the rigidity and stability re...